Ccupied by one astrocyte between WT and “super p53”.ResultsThe mice from the two groups showed no statistically significant changes in the body weight, size, eyes, or ocular adnexa tissues examined.1. GFAP Staining1.1. wild-type C57BL/6 mice. In WT retinas, GFAP+ astrocytes were spaced regularly throughout the nerve-fibre retinal ganglion cell (RCG) layer as viewed from the surface, forming a homogeneous plexus (Fig. 2B) evenly distributed throughout the retina from the disc to the periphery. This plexus was composed mainly of stellate-shaped cells (Fig. 3A) that could easily be Homatropine (methylbromide) site distinguished from each other (Fig. 2B). These cells had a rounded body from which numerous primary and secondary processes extended (Fig. 3A). Astrocyte processes reached other astrocytes orFigure 2. Astroglial plexus of equivalent areas (central zone) of the retinal whole-mounts in WT and “super p53” mice. GFAP immunofluorescence. A: negative control for GFAP immunostaining, B: ?WT. C: “super p53”. In both B and C, Muller cells appeared as faint GFAP+ punctated structures between astrocytes in some retinal areas (arrow) and astrocytes formed a homogeneous plexus on the nervefiber-RCG layer of GFAP+ cells regularly distributed throughout the retina. This plexus was composed of stellate cells that could easily be distinguished from each other. In “super p53” the astrocyte plexus was denser than in WT. [WT: wild type p53 age-matched control; “super p53” : mice with two extra copies of p53]. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065446.gblood vessels and formed the astroglial 18204824 plexus (Fig. 2B). Some areas of the retina showed a faint GFAP Calciferol chemical information immunoreactivity (IR) in Muller cells which appeared as punctuate structures between the ?astrocytes and their radiating processes (Fig. 2B). 1.2. super-p53 mice. Like WT, astrocytes in “super p53” eyes formed a homogeneous plexus of star-shaped cells evenly distributed throughout the retina from the disc to the periphery. AtRetinal Astrocytes in “Super p53” Micefirst sight, the astrocyte plexus in “super p53” eyes appeared to be denser than in WT (Fig. 2). The analysis of the tissues at higher magnification, looking for morphological features that might contribute to this impression, revealed that the soma and primary processes of astrocytes in “super p53” retinas were apparently more robust and the secondary processes were more evident than in WT and spread out like a fan (Fig. 3). We calculated the mean area GFAP+ occupied by one astrocyte in order to ascertain whether this parameter could at least partly explain the subjective impression that in “super p53” retinas the astrocytes were more robust and the astroglial plexus denser than in WT. The analysis of these data revealed that the mean GFAP+ area occupied by one astrocyte in “super p53” eyes was significantly higher (p,0.05; Student’s t-test) (Fig. 4) than in the WT. No differences in GFAP-IR in Muller cells were observed with ?respect to the WT. 1.3. Astrocyte number. Another feature that could account for the denser appearance of the astrocyte plexus in “super p53” retinas was that the astrocytes were significantly more numerous (3414.806258.00) than in the WT (1933.006522.21) (p,0.01; Student’s t-test) (Fig. 5). In the analysis made by concentric zones, “super p53” animals had significantly more astrocytes than WT in the intermediate (70.76610,69 vs. 53.3868.51, respectively) and peripheral zones (71.11612,11 vs. 41.19612.91, respectively) (p,0.05, Student.Ccupied by one astrocyte between WT and “super p53”.ResultsThe mice from the two groups showed no statistically significant changes in the body weight, size, eyes, or ocular adnexa tissues examined.1. GFAP Staining1.1. wild-type C57BL/6 mice. In WT retinas, GFAP+ astrocytes were spaced regularly throughout the nerve-fibre retinal ganglion cell (RCG) layer as viewed from the surface, forming a homogeneous plexus (Fig. 2B) evenly distributed throughout the retina from the disc to the periphery. This plexus was composed mainly of stellate-shaped cells (Fig. 3A) that could easily be distinguished from each other (Fig. 2B). These cells had a rounded body from which numerous primary and secondary processes extended (Fig. 3A). Astrocyte processes reached other astrocytes orFigure 2. Astroglial plexus of equivalent areas (central zone) of the retinal whole-mounts in WT and “super p53” mice. GFAP immunofluorescence. A: negative control for GFAP immunostaining, B: ?WT. C: “super p53”. In both B and C, Muller cells appeared as faint GFAP+ punctated structures between astrocytes in some retinal areas (arrow) and astrocytes formed a homogeneous plexus on the nervefiber-RCG layer of GFAP+ cells regularly distributed throughout the retina. This plexus was composed of stellate cells that could easily be distinguished from each other. In “super p53” the astrocyte plexus was denser than in WT. [WT: wild type p53 age-matched control; “super p53” : mice with two extra copies of p53]. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065446.gblood vessels and formed the astroglial 18204824 plexus (Fig. 2B). Some areas of the retina showed a faint GFAP immunoreactivity (IR) in Muller cells which appeared as punctuate structures between the ?astrocytes and their radiating processes (Fig. 2B). 1.2. super-p53 mice. Like WT, astrocytes in “super p53” eyes formed a homogeneous plexus of star-shaped cells evenly distributed throughout the retina from the disc to the periphery. AtRetinal Astrocytes in “Super p53” Micefirst sight, the astrocyte plexus in “super p53” eyes appeared to be denser than in WT (Fig. 2). The analysis of the tissues at higher magnification, looking for morphological features that might contribute to this impression, revealed that the soma and primary processes of astrocytes in “super p53” retinas were apparently more robust and the secondary processes were more evident than in WT and spread out like a fan (Fig. 3). We calculated the mean area GFAP+ occupied by one astrocyte in order to ascertain whether this parameter could at least partly explain the subjective impression that in “super p53” retinas the astrocytes were more robust and the astroglial plexus denser than in WT. The analysis of these data revealed that the mean GFAP+ area occupied by one astrocyte in “super p53” eyes was significantly higher (p,0.05; Student’s t-test) (Fig. 4) than in the WT. No differences in GFAP-IR in Muller cells were observed with ?respect to the WT. 1.3. Astrocyte number. Another feature that could account for the denser appearance of the astrocyte plexus in “super p53” retinas was that the astrocytes were significantly more numerous (3414.806258.00) than in the WT (1933.006522.21) (p,0.01; Student’s t-test) (Fig. 5). In the analysis made by concentric zones, “super p53” animals had significantly more astrocytes than WT in the intermediate (70.76610,69 vs. 53.3868.51, respectively) and peripheral zones (71.11612,11 vs. 41.19612.91, respectively) (p,0.05, Student.
