Mbryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: 421-903-110-Citation: Thurzo, A.; Ko is, F.; c Nov , B.; Czako, L.; Varga, I. Three-Dimensional Modeling and 3D Printing of Biocompatible Orthodontic Power-Arm Design and style with clinical Application. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 9693. ten.3390/ app11209693 Academic Editor: Mehrshad Mehrpouya Received: 9 September 2021 Accepted: 13 October 2021 Published: 18 OctoberAbstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing with biocompatible resins presents new competition to its opposition–subtractive manufacturing, which presently dominates in dentistry. Removing dental material layer-by-layer with lathes, mills or grinders faces its limits in terms of the fabrication of detailed complicated structures. The aim of this original investigation was to design, materialize and clinically evaluate a functional and resilient shape on the orthodontic power-arm by means of biocompatible 3D printing. To enhance power-arm resiliency, we have employed finite element modelling and analyzed pressure distribution to enhance the original design from the power-arm. After 3D printing, we’ve got also evaluated each styles clinically. This multidisciplinary method is described within this paper as a feasible workflow that may well inspire application other individualized biomechanical appliances in orthodontics. The design is actually a biocompatible power-arm, a miniature device bonded to a tooth surface, translating important bio-mechanical force vectors to move a tooth within the bone. Its design has to be also resilient and totally individualized to patient oral anatomy. Clinical evaluation on the debonding rate in 50 randomized clinical applications for every single power-arm-variant showed substantially less debonding incidents inside the enhanced power-arm style (two failures = four) than inside the original variant (nine failures = 18). Keywords and phrases: additive manufacturing; power-arm; orthodontics; biocompatible 3D printing; design and style for additive manufacturing; stress distribution in actual elements; finite element modellingPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.1. Introduction Additive manufacturing (AM) has brought new opportunities to the workflows of individualized treatment options in dentistry. Three-dimensional (3D) printing with biocompatible resins offers new competition towards the presently dominating subtractive manufacturing workflows. These subtractive manufacturing workflows had been usually described as computeraided style (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and Computerized Numerical Handle (CNC) systems. Among the list of well-known representatives from this group would be the Cerec program [1,2]. The prospective of additive manufacturing in health-related applications is extensive. It can be certain that the field of dentistry will probably be no Tipifarnib custom synthesis exception. Despite dentistry’s powerful technological background, it may well come as a surprise that the speed of clinical implementation of AM was not as speedy as some might have anticipated. The explanation of what slowed down the implementation of AM brings a much better understanding in the most Oligomycin Purity & Documentation likely future development and trajectory of AM applications in dentistry. One of the important components for the successful individualization of most dental applications within the digital era was efficient and preciseCopyright: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is definitely an ope.
