Torenal syndrome. Primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, and other unknown causes. Pancreatitis, hepatoma rupture, unknown cause, or multifactor related. c Mixed type, unknown cause, or multifactor related. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051094.ta bmodel and forward elimination of data were used to analyze these variables. Calibration was order Hesperadin assessed using the Hosmer emeshow goodness-of-fit test to compare the number of observed deaths with the number of predicted deaths in the risk groups for the entire range of death probabilities. Discrimination was calculated using the AUROC values. The AUROC values were compared using a nonparametric approach. The AUROC analysis was also utilized to calculate the cut-off values, sensitivity, specificity, and overall correctness. Finally, cut-off points were calculated by calculating the best Youden index (sensitivity+specificity21). Cumulative survival curves as a function of time were plotted using the Kaplan eier approach and were compared using the log rank test. All the statistical tests were 2-tailed. A p value of ,0.05 was considered statistically significant. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis for Social Sciences software, version 12.0 for Windows (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).mortality rate for the entire group was 73.2 (139/190), and the 6-month mortality rate was 83.2 (158/190). The demographic data and clinical characteristics of both the survivors and the nonsurvivors are listed in table 1. The median age of the patients was 58 years; 141 patients were men (74 ), and 49 were women (26 ). The median duration of stay in the ICU was 9 days. The causes of cirrhosis, the reasons for admission to the ICU, and presumptive etiologies of AKI are listed in table 2. Hepatitis B viral infection was observed to the cause of liver diseases in most of the patients. The most frequent reason for admission to the ICU was upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients who developed AKI tended to have a history of infection.Risk factors for in-hospital mortalityThe univariate analysis showed that 12 (Table 3) of the 31 variables (Table 1) were good prognostic indicators. On performing multivariate analysis, we identified that the MBRS and APACHE III scores determined on admission to the ICU have independent prognostic 1317923 significance for assessing inhospital mortality (Table 3). Regression coefficients of these variables were used to calculate the odds of death in each patient as follows:Results Subject characteristicsA total of 190 cirrhotic patients with AKI treated at the specialized hepatogastroenterology ICU were enrolled in the study between March 2008 and February 2011. The overall in-hospitalNew Score in HA15 price cirrhosis with AKITable 3. Variables showing prognostic significance.ParameterBeta coefficientStandard errorOdds ratios (95 CI)p-valueUnivariate logistic regressionLength of ICU stay Length of hospital stay Serum Creatinine, ICU first day MAP, ICU admission Leukocytes, ICU first day Bilirubin, ICU first day Prothrombin time INR, ICU first day AST, ICU first day ALT, ICU first day Previous hepatoma Respiratory failure, ICU first day Sepsis, ICU admission Child-Pugh points MELD APACHE II APACHE III SOFA 0.086 20.013 0.258 20.060 ,0.001 0.123 0.555 0.002 0.005 0.803 1.297 1.016 0.203 0.119 0.099 0.040 0.453 0.033 0.006 0.095 0.015 ,0.001 0.032 0.235 0.001 0.002 0.395 0.558 0.381 0.099 0.029 0.031 0.009 0.078 1.090(1.022?.164) 0.987(0.975?.999) 1.295(1.074?.561) 0.942(0.915?.969) 1.000.Torenal syndrome. Primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, and other unknown causes. Pancreatitis, hepatoma rupture, unknown cause, or multifactor related. c Mixed type, unknown cause, or multifactor related. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051094.ta bmodel and forward elimination of data were used to analyze these variables. Calibration was assessed using the Hosmer emeshow goodness-of-fit test to compare the number of observed deaths with the number of predicted deaths in the risk groups for the entire range of death probabilities. Discrimination was calculated using the AUROC values. The AUROC values were compared using a nonparametric approach. The AUROC analysis was also utilized to calculate the cut-off values, sensitivity, specificity, and overall correctness. Finally, cut-off points were calculated by calculating the best Youden index (sensitivity+specificity21). Cumulative survival curves as a function of time were plotted using the Kaplan eier approach and were compared using the log rank test. All the statistical tests were 2-tailed. A p value of ,0.05 was considered statistically significant. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis for Social Sciences software, version 12.0 for Windows (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).mortality rate for the entire group was 73.2 (139/190), and the 6-month mortality rate was 83.2 (158/190). The demographic data and clinical characteristics of both the survivors and the nonsurvivors are listed in table 1. The median age of the patients was 58 years; 141 patients were men (74 ), and 49 were women (26 ). The median duration of stay in the ICU was 9 days. The causes of cirrhosis, the reasons for admission to the ICU, and presumptive etiologies of AKI are listed in table 2. Hepatitis B viral infection was observed to the cause of liver diseases in most of the patients. The most frequent reason for admission to the ICU was upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients who developed AKI tended to have a history of infection.Risk factors for in-hospital mortalityThe univariate analysis showed that 12 (Table 3) of the 31 variables (Table 1) were good prognostic indicators. On performing multivariate analysis, we identified that the MBRS and APACHE III scores determined on admission to the ICU have independent prognostic 1317923 significance for assessing inhospital mortality (Table 3). Regression coefficients of these variables were used to calculate the odds of death in each patient as follows:Results Subject characteristicsA total of 190 cirrhotic patients with AKI treated at the specialized hepatogastroenterology ICU were enrolled in the study between March 2008 and February 2011. The overall in-hospitalNew Score in Cirrhosis with AKITable 3. Variables showing prognostic significance.ParameterBeta coefficientStandard errorOdds ratios (95 CI)p-valueUnivariate logistic regressionLength of ICU stay Length of hospital stay Serum Creatinine, ICU first day MAP, ICU admission Leukocytes, ICU first day Bilirubin, ICU first day Prothrombin time INR, ICU first day AST, ICU first day ALT, ICU first day Previous hepatoma Respiratory failure, ICU first day Sepsis, ICU admission Child-Pugh points MELD APACHE II APACHE III SOFA 0.086 20.013 0.258 20.060 ,0.001 0.123 0.555 0.002 0.005 0.803 1.297 1.016 0.203 0.119 0.099 0.040 0.453 0.033 0.006 0.095 0.015 ,0.001 0.032 0.235 0.001 0.002 0.395 0.558 0.381 0.099 0.029 0.031 0.009 0.078 1.090(1.022?.164) 0.987(0.975?.999) 1.295(1.074?.561) 0.942(0.915?.969) 1.000.
