Kg/m2 Physical activity, metabolic equivalent 18.5 6 22.8 18.0 six 22.5 task-h/wk Household history of diabetes, n ( ) 43,178 (31.3) 33,565 (31.three) Menopausal status, n ( ) Premenopausal 66,226 (48.0) 52,865 (49.three) Postmenopausal, no hormone use 14,295 (ten.four) 11,043 (10.three) Postmenopausal, previous hormone use 19,162 (13.9) 14,658 (13.7) Postmenopausal, existing hormone use 29,442 (21.three) 21,798 (20.3) Missing value 8831 (six.four) 6969 (6.five) History of hypertension, n ( ) 33,470 (24.three) 26,189 (24.4) History of hypercholesterolemia, n ( ) 52,174 (37.eight) 40,347 (37.six) Present smoker, n ( ) 13,332 (9.7) 10,910 (10.two) White, n ( ) 133,828 (97.0) 104,104 (97.0) Multivitamin use, n ( ) 67,124 (48.7) 51,650 (48.1) Alcohol consumption, g/d 4.5 6 eight.2 4.five 6 8.2 Total power intake, kcal/d 1790 6 558 1730 six 540 Complete grain intake, g/d 27.five 6 18.two 27.three 6 18.four Red/processed meat intake, g/d 60.six six 45.four 59.7 6 44.6 Fish intake, g/d 18.9 six 19.0 17.eight 6 18.three Poultry intake, g/d 58.5 six 45.1 57.8 six 44.eight Vegetable intake, g/d 245 six 153 232 6 145 Fruit intake, g/d 161 6 124 152 six 121 Coffee, g/d 389 six 372 389 6 372 Sugar-sweetened beverage, g/d 158 six 302 162 six 310 Fiber, g/d 19.7 6 6.0 19.4 six five.9 Glycemic load 122 6 24 123 6 24 Total fats, g/d 57.3 six 14.2 56.six 6 14.two PUFA to SFA ratio 0.58 six 0.20 0.58 6 0.20 a-Linolenic acid, g/d 1.00 6 0.36 0.93 6 0.31 Magnesium, mg/d 348 six 97 345 six 98 Arginine, g/d four.04 six 0.85 four.03 six 0.86 Walnut intake, g/d 0.56 6 two.24 060 Peanut intake, g/d 1.40 6 three.92 1.12 6 three.36 Other nut intake, g/d 1.12 six three.64 0.84 six 3.36 Total nut intake, g/d three.36 6 three.92 1.96 six five.,0.001 48.1 ,0.001 0.56 ,0.001 0.10 ,0.001 ,0.001 0.01 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 0.79 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.Information are imply six SD or n ( ) as specified. 1 serving of walnuts = 28 g.respectively (P-trend = 0.002). Each 2-Dopamine β-hydroxylase Storage & Stability servings/wk increment of walnut intake was linked with 21 (13?9 ) and 15 (six?23 ) reduced risk of incident form 2 diabetes just before and immediately after adjustment for BMI, respectively. The associations had been related to adjustments for saturated fat, trans fat, glycemic load, and cereal fiber rather of adjustment for meals variables, and Phospholipase Inhibitor Storage & Stability further adjustment for PUFAs, a-linolenic acid, total fiber, magnesium, and arginine didn’t adjust the outcomes (data not shown). We didn’t locate any interaction involving walnut consumption and obesity status, physical activity, dietary high quality, and family members history of diabetes within the danger of variety two diabetes (data not shown). For other tree nuts, we also discovered an inverse association with danger of variety two diabetes. In the multivariable-adjusted model without having BMI, the pooled HRs (95 CIs) for participants consuming 1? servings/mo, 1 serving/wk, and two servings/wk of other tree nuts were 0.99 (0.94?.06), 0.93 (0.83?.04), and 0.88 (0.77?.99) compared with females who never/rarely514 Pan et al.consumed other tree nuts (P-trend = 0.03). Nonetheless, the association was attenuated to null following additional adjustment for BMI. We further examined the relation of total nut (including peanut, walnut, and other nuts) and peanut intakes with risk of form two diabetes (Table three). Total nut consumption was related using a reduced threat of incident type 2 diabetes ahead of adjustment for BMI in both cohorts. Inside the pooled evaluation, the HRs (95 CIs) for participants consuming 1? servings/mo, 1 serving/wk, 2? servings/wk, and five servings/wk of total nuts have been 0.96 (0.92?.01), 0.95 (0.89?.02), 0.89 (0.80?.98), and 0.84 (0.75?.93), re.
